Monday, October 7, 2013

Sermon - Lost and Found

Preached on September 15 2013 at First Congregational Church of Tallmadge, Ohio, UCC.

Scripture: Luke 15:1-10
Now all the tax collectors and sinners were coming near to listen to him. 2And the Pharisees and the scribes were grumbling and saying, “This fellow welcomes sinners and eats with them.” 3So he told them this parable: 4“Which one of you, having a hundred sheep and losing one of them, does not leave the ninety-nine in the wilderness and go after the one that is lost until he finds it? 5When he has found it, he lays it on his shoulders and rejoices. 6And when he comes home, he calls together his friends and neighbors, saying to them, ‘Rejoice with me, for I have found my sheep that was lost.’ 7Just so, I tell you, there will be more joy in heaven over one sinner who repents than over ninety-nine righteous persons who need no repentance. 
8“Or what woman having ten silver coins, if she loses one of them, does not light a lamp, sweep the house, and search carefully until she finds it? 9When she has found it, she calls together her friends and neighbors, saying, ‘Rejoice with me, for I have found the coin that I had lost.’ 10Just so, I tell you, there is joy in the presence of the angels of God over one sinner who repents.”

Sermon
 
We're talking about sinners today. If you've been waiting for a sermon on sinners, this is it. We need to talk about sinners because they are...we are...sinners are the topic of these parables of the lost sheep and the lost coin and the parable that Jesus will tell next about the lost prodigal son. Sinners are the reason he told them. Or, more specifically, the grumbling of the religious leaders about Jesus welcoming sinners is the reason he told these parables.

Sinners. Jesus welcomed them; Jesus ate with them; and this upset the religious leaders of his day. Now, given that this is what Jesus does, you would think that the religion of Jesus, the religion of Christians would not have the reputation of being petty and judgmental about sins. And yet that's just what people think of the Christian church. You who are here know better. You know that the church is not petty and judgmental, not holier-than-thou or self-righteous. Well, maybe we are those things sometimes, but that's our sin, and I pray that God is saving us from that sin more and more. In general, I don't think that we deserve the reputation we have. But there it is. Polls of people who do not have a religious affiliation show that many of them perceive the Christian church as petty, judgmental, prejudiced, and unwelcoming. Just exactly the opposite of what Jesus was doing when he was criticized by the religious leaders.

They thought that he should be more judgmental - that he should have some higher standards. How will people known right from wrong if there are no consequences for sin?  Sinners must be held responsible.

But how do you hold someone responsible for being lost? And what good does it do to complain that the lost shouldn't be found?


When they complain that Jesus has welcomed sinners and has made the important symbolic gesture of sharing meals with them, Jesus tells these parables to help them, and to help us, reconsider our idea of what sin is all about.

What if you were a shepherd and one of your sheep got lost? Would you blame the sheep for getting lost? Or would you, as the shepherd, go after it and search until you had found it, and then rejoice because the sheep is found, rejoice because this lost sheep will be reunited with the flock where you can lead it to green meadows and still water and protect it from predators? Should the lost sheep receive scorn and blame, or should it receive the care of a shepherd who will find it and bring it back?

Well, maybe you would blame the sheep. “That animal should have stayed in line. It'll get what it deserves, better not bring it back or it might give bad ideas to the others.” I can almost see Jesus anticipating that someone will think that blaming the sheep and punishing it is still the way to go. So he tells a second parable, about a woman who has lost one of her ten coins. The coin is lost. You can't blame the coin, can you? Does it do any good to blame the coin and let it stay lost? Can we get the message now that blame has no use here?

There are real sins in our lives: harm that we do or good that we fail to do. Some sins are choices, some sins are committed without even being aware of what we do. Some are individual and some are done simply by our participation in an unjust system that is much bigger than ourselves. We live in a sinful, broken world. But I never saw people become good from being told how bad they are. I don't believe that we sin because we like it. I believe we sin because we are lost: lost in fear, lost in hopelessness, lost in poverty, lost in old hurts that have damaged our minds and twisted our emotions. We are lost. We need to be found.

Jesus is working to reform his religion.  Like the prophets before him, he has a problem with the religious leaders of his day because the Godly work for those who are lost is not to assign blame but to lift them out of lostness.

Victor Hugo described the lives of the poor in his great novel Les Miserables. In response to people who wanted to blame the poor for their desperate immoral or criminal behavior, Hugo shows us the wise Bishop, who says “this soul is full of darkness, and sin is committed, but the guilty person is not the man who commits the sin, but he who produces the darkness.” And then the narrator says “he had a strange and peculiar way of judging things. I suspect that he acquired it from the Gospel.”[1] 

The Gospel, in which Jesus searches for all the lost coins and lost sheep and lost people, especially those who have been lost in the darkness of sin.

If you have ever taken an introduction to psychology, you have probably heard of the Fundamental Attribution Error. It is a recognized problem with our understanding of the world, in which we tend to attribute other people’s actions too much to individual character and not enough to the situation. But for our own actions, we do the opposite. What I mean is that when the light turns red and someone who had plenty of time to stop comes sailing through it, we attribute that action to the person’s character. That person is a bad driver, selfish, dangerous, and not very smart. But if I do the very same thing, I attribute it to the situation: I need to get someone to the hospital, or I’ve been overburdened today and I’m terribly behind, or I was distracted by the horrible news I just received, or that yellow light really should be longer at this intersection. But that other person – what a jerk!

Fundamental Attribution Error is why you might think that racists are, in general, foul, heartless people, while at the same time be forgiving of your racist uncle. The way he thinks is absolutely wrong and hurtful, but you also understand the place and era that he comes from, and you know the contradictory ways in which he is also kind and benevolent. The racism is sin, to be sure, but the sin is of one who got lost. He doesn’t need to be written off as evil. He needs to be found.

It is easy to say that other people sin because they are innately bad people who make bad choices. It allows us to judge them, and it frees us from any responsibility to address the systematic, structural problems that made it so easy for them to get lost.

The religious leaders grumble about Jesus welcoming sinners, sharing meals with them, spending time with them. And when they grumble, tells three parables: the parable of the lost sheep, the parable of the lost coin, and the parable of the prodigal son, which is the grand finale of his response. These should really be called the found parables: the found sheep, the found coin, the found son. Together, they turn the whole discussion of sin on its head.

Yes, sin is harmful and terrible, and we will resist it. But the way of resistance is not to cut off people when they are lost - it’s too easy to do that. The way of resistance to sin is to find them and bring them back. That’s the work of reconciliation. It isn’t as easy, but it’s where the full power of almighty God is at work, and that will surely be enough to find every lost coin, every lost sheep, every lost child, and restore them to God’s family.

And every time the lost is found, there is rejoicing, there is calling together of friends and neighbors and a party is held. And at the very end of these parables, there is the elder brother of the prodigal son, who sees the party for his found brother, and grumbles about it. I can just picture Jesus weaving this part of the story as the religious leaders listen. Are you grumbling because I welcome sinners and eat with them? Don’t you see that these are your brothers and sisters who are being found? Don’t you see that we’re having a party here? Won’t you join us?

The truth is that we are all lost, at different times and by varying degrees we are all of us lost. The church isn't a place to look down on sinners, it's a place for sinners who are lost and who are being found, again and again, by the tenacious efforts of God who searches after us like a shepherd going after a lost sheep, like a woman who lights all the lamps and turns the house upside down. There are no 99 righteous persons with no need of repentance. We are all that lost sheep, that lost coin, the lost child who doesn't think it possible to deserve our Godly parent's love but gets it anyway.




[1] Victor Hugo, Les Misérables, trans. Charles E. Wilbur, Everyman’s Library edition, page 21.

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